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Software Commons
The software commons consists of all computer software which is available at little or no cost and which can be altered and reused with few restrictions. Thus all open source software and all free software are part of the commons. However the commons also includes software outside of these categories - for instance, software which is in the public domain.
== History ==
Open source programs started emerging in the 1960s. IBM was one of the first large scale computer companies to offer their products to the public. Most of these computers came with certain free software that was universal amongst computers, and could be altered and improved by anyone with the software. This quickly changed in the 1970s when IBM decided to take a more private approach to their products, removing the source codes and not allowing the redistribution of their software amongst the public. As time went on, many groups integrated and merged in order to further their research and programs. This webbing of integration (software commons) made it easy to access ongoing projects, alter them, and improve them.
In the 1980s and 1990s the software commons grew with the help of a primitive, more private based internet. With the abilities the internet had, international cooperation between different groups allowed these groups to produce and share their own personal products more freely. Groups like the GNU Project and Computer Science Research Group (CSRG) were established in order to create and distribute public software.
In 1995 Netscape released the first public web browser, completely changing the way companies looked at and did business. Now everyone could create, collaborate, and share their products and or software throughout a digital common area. Stock over the newly public company skyrocketed its first day, starting at $28 at the beginning of the day, and ending at $75. This shocked the corporate world. Within three years of Netscape's initial release, the company started on its open source Mozilla project. Today, Mozilla Firefox is among the 5 most used web browsers in the world.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Browser Statistics )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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